1.需要用到的包

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tika/tika-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tika</groupId>
            <artifactId>tika-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

2.代码

import org.apache.tika.Tika;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.*;

/**
     * 视频、音频 等 文件的断点续传功能
     *
     * @param path     文件路径
     * @param request  request
     * @param response response
     */
    @Override
    public void responseFile(String path, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        try {
            File file = new File(path);
            if (file.exists()) {
                long range = 0L;
                long toLength = 0L;
                long contentLength = 0L;
                int rangeSwitch = 0; // 0,从头开始的全文下载；1,从某字节开始的下载（bytes=27000-）；2,从某字节开始到某字节结束的下载（bytes=27000-39000）
                long fileLength;
                String rangBytes = "";
                fileLength = file.length();

                InputStream ins = new FileInputStream(file);
                bis = new BufferedInputStream(ins);

                response.reset();
                response.setHeader("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");

                String rangeStr = request.getHeader("Range");
                if (rangeStr != null && rangeStr.trim().length() > 0 && !"null".equals(rangeStr)) {
                    response.setStatus(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_PARTIAL_CONTENT);
                    rangBytes = rangeStr.replaceAll("bytes=", "");
                    if (rangBytes.endsWith("-")) { // bytes=270000-
                        rangeSwitch = 1;
                        range = Long.parseLong(rangBytes.substring(0, rangBytes.indexOf("-")));
                        contentLength = fileLength - range; // 客户端请求的是270000之后的字节（包括bytes下标索引为270000的字节）
                    } else { // bytes=270000-320000
                        rangeSwitch = 2;
                        String temp1 = rangBytes.substring(0, rangBytes.indexOf("-"));
                        String temp2 = rangBytes.substring(rangBytes.indexOf("-") + 1, rangBytes.length());
                        range = Long.parseLong(temp1);
                        toLength = Long.parseLong(temp2);
                        contentLength = toLength - range + 1; // 客户端请求的是 270000-320000 之间的字节
                    }
                } else {
                    contentLength = fileLength;
                }

                // 如果设设置了Content-Length，则客户端会自动进行多线程下载。如果不希望支持多线程，则不要设置这个参数。
                // Content-Length: [文件的总大小] - [客户端请求的下载的文件块的开始字节]
                response.setHeader("Content-Length", Long.toString(contentLength));

                // 断点开始
                // 响应的格式是:
                // Content-Range: bytes [文件块的开始字节]-[文件的总大小 - 1]/[文件的总大小]
                if (rangeSwitch == 1) {
                    String contentRange = new StringBuffer("bytes ").append(new Long(range).toString()).append("-")
                            .append(new Long(fileLength - 1).toString()).append("/")
                            .append(new Long(fileLength).toString()).toString();
                    response.setHeader("Content-Range", contentRange);
                    bis.skip(range);
                } else if (rangeSwitch == 2) {
                    String contentRange = rangeStr.replace("=", " ") + "/" + Long.toString(fileLength);
                    response.setHeader("Content-Range", contentRange);
                    bis.skip(range);
                } else {
                    String contentRange = new StringBuffer("bytes ").append("0-").append(fileLength - 1).append("/")
                            .append(fileLength).toString();
                    response.setHeader("Content-Range", contentRange);
                }

                // 获取 文件的二进制文件类型 如 ： video/mp4，image/gif
                String mimeType = new Tika().detect(file);
                if (StrUtil.isNotEmpty(mimeType)) {
                    // 设置内容类型
                    response.setContentType(mimeType + ";charset=UTF-8");
                }

                String fileName = file.getName();
                // Content-Disposition:  attachment 告诉浏览器直接下载, inline 告诉浏览器内嵌显示。
                response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline;filename=" +
                        URLEncoder.encode(fileName, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()));esponse.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);

                OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
                int n = 0;
                long readLength = 0;
                int bsize = 1024;
                byte[] bytes = new byte[bsize];
                if (rangeSwitch == 2) {
                    // 针对 bytes=27000-39000 的请求，从27000开始写数据
                    while (readLength <= contentLength - bsize) {
                        n = bis.read(bytes);
                        readLength += n;
                        out.write(bytes, 0, n);
                    }
                    if (readLength <= contentLength) {
                        n = bis.read(bytes, 0, (int) (contentLength - readLength));
                        out.write(bytes, 0, n);
                    }
                } else {
                    while ((n = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                        out.write(bytes, 0, n);
                    }
                }
                out.flush();
                out.close();
                bis.close();
            } else {
                // 文件不存在
                BaseException.throwError(ErrorCode.FILE_NOT_EXIST);
            }
        } catch (IOException ie) {
            // log.error(ie.getMessage(), ie);
            // 忽略 IOException 之类的异常
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

注：理论上支持所有文件的断点传续，当然这只理论上，反正我只试过 视频和音频

Q.E.D.